Page 46 - Panjek, Aleksander, Jesper Larsson and Luca Mocarelli, eds. 2017. Integrated Peasant Economy in a Comparative Perspective: Alps, Scandinavia and Beyond. Koper: University of Primorska Press
P. 46
integr ated peasant economy in a compar ative perspective
5. The carrying-capacity of the environment is increased beyond the
level of population possible based on agricultural land alone.
6. Income sources deriving from the use of commons play a signifi-
cant role (but not necessarily so).
7. The integrated peasant economy is connected to external demand
and opportunities, and to exogenous factors.
Table 1.7: Upgraded integrated peasant economy checklist
Sector Activity Check
PRIMARY Agricultural specialisation
SECONDARY Intensification of cultivation (no fallow, mixed-cropping, …)
TERTIARY Wage day-labour in agriculture and longer-term farmhands
at larger farms
Extension/intensification of animal husbandry
Intensification of forest exploitation (through primary sector
activities, but also secondary and tertiary)
Extension of cultivated land (reclamation of commons
and woods)
Quarries
Fishing
Transformation of primary resources/products (e.g. wine, cheese,
meat products; charcoal, lime)
Rural crafts
Domestic, putting-out system (proto-industry)
Work in “centred” industries and plants (manufactures, min-
ing, etc.)
Migrant/mobile craftsmen (e.g. bricklayers, etc.)
Wage labour in the industrial sector
Services in the field of long and medium distance trade (draught
animal lease, fodder, lodging and food - inns, etc.)
Transport of other people’s products and goods on short
to medium distance
Trafficking with own products and goods on short to medium
distance
Peddling
Smuggling
Migrant/mobile workers (dock-workers, etc.)
Works of trust (estimation of land value, testimonies, etc.)
Tourism
44
5. The carrying-capacity of the environment is increased beyond the
level of population possible based on agricultural land alone.
6. Income sources deriving from the use of commons play a signifi-
cant role (but not necessarily so).
7. The integrated peasant economy is connected to external demand
and opportunities, and to exogenous factors.
Table 1.7: Upgraded integrated peasant economy checklist
Sector Activity Check
PRIMARY Agricultural specialisation
SECONDARY Intensification of cultivation (no fallow, mixed-cropping, …)
TERTIARY Wage day-labour in agriculture and longer-term farmhands
at larger farms
Extension/intensification of animal husbandry
Intensification of forest exploitation (through primary sector
activities, but also secondary and tertiary)
Extension of cultivated land (reclamation of commons
and woods)
Quarries
Fishing
Transformation of primary resources/products (e.g. wine, cheese,
meat products; charcoal, lime)
Rural crafts
Domestic, putting-out system (proto-industry)
Work in “centred” industries and plants (manufactures, min-
ing, etc.)
Migrant/mobile craftsmen (e.g. bricklayers, etc.)
Wage labour in the industrial sector
Services in the field of long and medium distance trade (draught
animal lease, fodder, lodging and food - inns, etc.)
Transport of other people’s products and goods on short
to medium distance
Trafficking with own products and goods on short to medium
distance
Peddling
Smuggling
Migrant/mobile workers (dock-workers, etc.)
Works of trust (estimation of land value, testimonies, etc.)
Tourism
44
