Page 212 - Vinkler, Jonatan, in Jernej Weiss. ur. 2014. Musica et Artes: ob osemdesetletnici Primoža Kureta. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem.
P. 212
musica et artes
Beneš (1795-1873) and Matija Babnik (1787-1868) were ultimately responsible
for establishing Classicism in Slovenia.
Romantic Music
The masterpiece of Romantic music that is Beethoven's Sixth Symphony in F
major, op. 68, the »Pastoral«, performed in Ljubljana in 1818, already showed
signs of departure from the classical style, as well as certain ideological con-
trasts. The first expressly Romantic Slovene composer was Alojz Ipavec (1815-
1849). The Romantic era, in music as well as in the other arts, saw the be-
ginning of efforts to shape a national form of expression. Musical creativity
leant heavily on elements of the folk tradition. Most prominent in this field
were Gregor Rihar (1796-1863), Blaž Potočnik (1799-1872) and Luka Dolinar
(1794-1863). Their work contains clear signs of their attempts to shape a spe-
cifically Slovene mode of expression. In later attempts by Slovenes at a con-
sciously national orientation, the social cultural gatherings known as bésede
(words) became the most important factor. This events stimulated the appear-
ance of different forms and led to an increase in the creation and performance
of original works. Expressly nationally-orientated composers from this peri-
od include Jurij Fleišman (1818-1874), Miroslav Vilhar (1818-1871), Benjamin
(1829-1908) and Gustav Ipavec (1831-1908), Kamilo Mašek (1831-1859), and the
composers of the ecclesiastical circle: Leopold Cvek (1814-1896), Leopold Be-
lar (1828-1899) and Josip Levičnik (1826-1909). The revolutionary year 1848,
'the year of the awakening of the small European nations,' saw the appearance
in Slovenia of 'reading societies.' These sprang up across the entire territory of
Slovenia, but the most active were those in Ljubljana. Notable composers of
the period include Anton Foerster (1837-1926), composer of the operetta/op-
era Gorenjski slavček (Gorenjskan Nightingale) and Fran Gerbič (1840-1917).
The period also saw the foundation, in 1872, of Glasbena matica (The Mu-
sical Society). Originally founded in Ljubljana, branches of the Society lat-
er opened in other parts of the country. The reform of Slovene church mu-
sic was undertaken primarily by Cecilijansko društvo/the Cecilian Society,
founded in Ljubljana in 1877. In this composers' circle were: Avgust Armin
Leban (1847-1879), Hugolin Sattner (1851-1934), Janez Kokošar (1860-1923),
Josip Lavtižar (1851-1943), Janez Laharnar (1866-1944), Ignacij Hladnik (1865-
1932), Peter Jereb (1867-1951) and Alojzij Mihelčič (1880-1975). Among the
leading composers of secular music during the Romantic era were Anton
Nedvĕd (1829-1896), Davorin Jenko (1835-1914), Andrej Vavken (1838-1898),
Vojteh Valenta (1842-1891), Danilo Fajgelj (1840-1908), Anton Hajdrih (1842-
1878), Jakob Aljaž (1845-1927), Josip Kocijančič (1849-1878) and Hrabroslav
210
Beneš (1795-1873) and Matija Babnik (1787-1868) were ultimately responsible
for establishing Classicism in Slovenia.
Romantic Music
The masterpiece of Romantic music that is Beethoven's Sixth Symphony in F
major, op. 68, the »Pastoral«, performed in Ljubljana in 1818, already showed
signs of departure from the classical style, as well as certain ideological con-
trasts. The first expressly Romantic Slovene composer was Alojz Ipavec (1815-
1849). The Romantic era, in music as well as in the other arts, saw the be-
ginning of efforts to shape a national form of expression. Musical creativity
leant heavily on elements of the folk tradition. Most prominent in this field
were Gregor Rihar (1796-1863), Blaž Potočnik (1799-1872) and Luka Dolinar
(1794-1863). Their work contains clear signs of their attempts to shape a spe-
cifically Slovene mode of expression. In later attempts by Slovenes at a con-
sciously national orientation, the social cultural gatherings known as bésede
(words) became the most important factor. This events stimulated the appear-
ance of different forms and led to an increase in the creation and performance
of original works. Expressly nationally-orientated composers from this peri-
od include Jurij Fleišman (1818-1874), Miroslav Vilhar (1818-1871), Benjamin
(1829-1908) and Gustav Ipavec (1831-1908), Kamilo Mašek (1831-1859), and the
composers of the ecclesiastical circle: Leopold Cvek (1814-1896), Leopold Be-
lar (1828-1899) and Josip Levičnik (1826-1909). The revolutionary year 1848,
'the year of the awakening of the small European nations,' saw the appearance
in Slovenia of 'reading societies.' These sprang up across the entire territory of
Slovenia, but the most active were those in Ljubljana. Notable composers of
the period include Anton Foerster (1837-1926), composer of the operetta/op-
era Gorenjski slavček (Gorenjskan Nightingale) and Fran Gerbič (1840-1917).
The period also saw the foundation, in 1872, of Glasbena matica (The Mu-
sical Society). Originally founded in Ljubljana, branches of the Society lat-
er opened in other parts of the country. The reform of Slovene church mu-
sic was undertaken primarily by Cecilijansko društvo/the Cecilian Society,
founded in Ljubljana in 1877. In this composers' circle were: Avgust Armin
Leban (1847-1879), Hugolin Sattner (1851-1934), Janez Kokošar (1860-1923),
Josip Lavtižar (1851-1943), Janez Laharnar (1866-1944), Ignacij Hladnik (1865-
1932), Peter Jereb (1867-1951) and Alojzij Mihelčič (1880-1975). Among the
leading composers of secular music during the Romantic era were Anton
Nedvĕd (1829-1896), Davorin Jenko (1835-1914), Andrej Vavken (1838-1898),
Vojteh Valenta (1842-1891), Danilo Fajgelj (1840-1908), Anton Hajdrih (1842-
1878), Jakob Aljaž (1845-1927), Josip Kocijančič (1849-1878) and Hrabroslav
210
