Page 44 - Kutnar, Andreja, et al., eds., 2015. Proceedings of the 1st COST Action FP1307 International Conference - Life Cycle Assessment, EPDs, and modified wood. University of Primorska Press, Koper.
P. 44
mary
analysis
methods
used
to
control
thermal
treatments
of
wood
and
its
effect
on
decay
resistance
Kévin
Candelier1,
Marie-‐France
Thévenon1,
Anélie
Pétrissans2,
Stéphane
Dumarçay2,
Philippe
Gérardin2,
Mathieu
Pétrissans2
1
CIRAD-‐Unité
de
Recherches
BioWooEB,
73
Rue
Jean-‐François
Breton
34398,
Montpellier,
France.
kevin.candelier@cirad.fr
2
Laboratoire
d’Etudes
et
de
Recherches
sur
le
Matériau
Bois,
EA
4370,
Faculté
des
Sciences
et
Technologies,
F-‐54506
Vandœuvre-‐lès-‐Nancy,
France.
Keywords:
Thermal
treatment,
mass
loss,
durability,
prediction
methods,
quality
assessment
Heat
treatments
used
in
wood
processing
are
becoming
increasingly
popular
due
to
their
non-‐
biocide
nature
and
low
environmental
impact.
This
type
of
treatment
is
based
on
biopolymer
chemical
degradation
by
heat
transfer.
This
process
primarily
improves
the
dimensional
stability
and
decay
resistance
of
wood
(Tjeerdsma
et
al.
2000;
Korkut
et
al.
2012).
Wood
becomes
darker
after
this
type
of
treatment
altering
its
aesthetic
appearance.
These
improvements
and
changes
come
at
the
expense
of
wood’s
mechanical
properties
which
are
often
weakened
(Dilik
and
Hiziroglu,
2012).
These
modifications
have
been
extensively
studied
and
researches
have
shown
that
heat
treated
wood
properties
are
correlated
to
the
heat
treatment
conditions
and
to
the
industrial
process
used.
Recent
works
have
focused
on
improving
our
knowledge
of
wood
thermal
degradation
reaction
mechanisms,
modelling,
quality
prediction,
and
quality
control.
For
example,
the
most
efficient
indicator
of
the
treatment
efficiency
is
the
mass
loss
of
wood
due
to
its
thermal
degradation.
It
also
remains
important
to
develop
inexpensive,
fast,
and
non-‐destructive
industrial
methods
to
control
the
process
and
predict
heat-‐treated
wood
quality.
These
different
analysis
tools
also
aim
to
have
a
reliable
quality
assessment
tool
ensuring
good
material
decay
resistance
and
ultimately
to
commercialize
products
which
could
be
certified
by
an
accredited
organization.
This
paper
describes
recent
studies
and
synthesizes
the
major
publications
to
better
understand
wood
thermal
modification
and
to
develop
control
and
prediction
of
new
features
brought
to
heat
treated
wood.
Several
studies
have
investigated
non-‐destructive
control
methods
appropriate
for
industrial
application.
Colour
tests
are
used
to
determine
the
durability
of
heat
treated
wood,
but
this
sort
of
method
is
not
precise
or
efficient
enough
to
account
for
the
variability
in
wood
or
treatment
heterogeneity
(Johansson
and
Morén,
2006).
Spectrum
analyses
such
as
NIR
or
FT-‐IR
are
able
to
give
information
on
the
extent
of
processing
(by
estimating
mass
loss)
and
on
properties
relevant
to
wood
modification
and
heat
treated
wood
(e.g.
equilibrium
moisture
content,
dimensional
stability,
and
decay
resistance)
by
using
a
unique
spectrum
of
the
solid
surface
of
a
heat
treated
wood
sample
(Esteves
and
Peireira
2008;
Altgen
et
al.
2012;
Sandak
32
analysis
methods
used
to
control
thermal
treatments
of
wood
and
its
effect
on
decay
resistance
Kévin
Candelier1,
Marie-‐France
Thévenon1,
Anélie
Pétrissans2,
Stéphane
Dumarçay2,
Philippe
Gérardin2,
Mathieu
Pétrissans2
1
CIRAD-‐Unité
de
Recherches
BioWooEB,
73
Rue
Jean-‐François
Breton
34398,
Montpellier,
France.
kevin.candelier@cirad.fr
2
Laboratoire
d’Etudes
et
de
Recherches
sur
le
Matériau
Bois,
EA
4370,
Faculté
des
Sciences
et
Technologies,
F-‐54506
Vandœuvre-‐lès-‐Nancy,
France.
Keywords:
Thermal
treatment,
mass
loss,
durability,
prediction
methods,
quality
assessment
Heat
treatments
used
in
wood
processing
are
becoming
increasingly
popular
due
to
their
non-‐
biocide
nature
and
low
environmental
impact.
This
type
of
treatment
is
based
on
biopolymer
chemical
degradation
by
heat
transfer.
This
process
primarily
improves
the
dimensional
stability
and
decay
resistance
of
wood
(Tjeerdsma
et
al.
2000;
Korkut
et
al.
2012).
Wood
becomes
darker
after
this
type
of
treatment
altering
its
aesthetic
appearance.
These
improvements
and
changes
come
at
the
expense
of
wood’s
mechanical
properties
which
are
often
weakened
(Dilik
and
Hiziroglu,
2012).
These
modifications
have
been
extensively
studied
and
researches
have
shown
that
heat
treated
wood
properties
are
correlated
to
the
heat
treatment
conditions
and
to
the
industrial
process
used.
Recent
works
have
focused
on
improving
our
knowledge
of
wood
thermal
degradation
reaction
mechanisms,
modelling,
quality
prediction,
and
quality
control.
For
example,
the
most
efficient
indicator
of
the
treatment
efficiency
is
the
mass
loss
of
wood
due
to
its
thermal
degradation.
It
also
remains
important
to
develop
inexpensive,
fast,
and
non-‐destructive
industrial
methods
to
control
the
process
and
predict
heat-‐treated
wood
quality.
These
different
analysis
tools
also
aim
to
have
a
reliable
quality
assessment
tool
ensuring
good
material
decay
resistance
and
ultimately
to
commercialize
products
which
could
be
certified
by
an
accredited
organization.
This
paper
describes
recent
studies
and
synthesizes
the
major
publications
to
better
understand
wood
thermal
modification
and
to
develop
control
and
prediction
of
new
features
brought
to
heat
treated
wood.
Several
studies
have
investigated
non-‐destructive
control
methods
appropriate
for
industrial
application.
Colour
tests
are
used
to
determine
the
durability
of
heat
treated
wood,
but
this
sort
of
method
is
not
precise
or
efficient
enough
to
account
for
the
variability
in
wood
or
treatment
heterogeneity
(Johansson
and
Morén,
2006).
Spectrum
analyses
such
as
NIR
or
FT-‐IR
are
able
to
give
information
on
the
extent
of
processing
(by
estimating
mass
loss)
and
on
properties
relevant
to
wood
modification
and
heat
treated
wood
(e.g.
equilibrium
moisture
content,
dimensional
stability,
and
decay
resistance)
by
using
a
unique
spectrum
of
the
solid
surface
of
a
heat
treated
wood
sample
(Esteves
and
Peireira
2008;
Altgen
et
al.
2012;
Sandak
32
