Page 52 - Petelin, Ana, Nejc Šarabon, Boštjan Žvanut, eds. 2017. Zdravje delovno aktivne populacije ▪︎ Health of the Working-Age Population. Proceedings. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem/University of Primorska Press
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avje delovno aktivne populacije | health of the working-age population 50 Gostečnik (2010, 2011) states that individual fundamental relations, and
related basic affects, such as fear, anger, horror, shame, contempt, disappoint-
ment as well as emotional calmness and satisfaction learn in the family. These
relations are marked forever, because they are internalized in childhood based
on mechanism of projection-introjection identification and consolidated based
on compulsive repetition. Even Cvetek (2009) mentions that children get the
basic patterns, rules for behaviour, emotions the basics of the language and cul-
ture skills of expression and thinking in the family.
Various authors (Haley, 1987; Minuchin, 1981; Framo, 1992; Boszorome-
nyi-Nagy, 1986 and Bowen, 1978, in Gostečnik, 2008, 2010, 2011) focused on co-
vert pathological transactions and many times unsolved transfers of painful
mental content to a particular individual who has unconsciously adopted this
contents. Because of this internalization, he or she becomes identified patient
or “scapegoat” of a certain family. The identified patient is therefore an indi-
vidual who carries and maintains symptomatic patterns of relationships with-
in the family through the mechanism of compulsive repetition that is forced
repetition of basic patterns of interpersonal interactions. Framo mentions (i.e.:
Gostečnik 2011 p. 180), that certain patterns or family topics skip a whole gen-
eration, and then mysteriously settle again in the new generation, who do not
even know where these painful contents come from. Framo (i.e.: Gostečnik
2011, p. 180) also states how the past can affect the present and how “family
through several generations develops dysfunctional patterns of behaviour, feel-
ing, beliefs and above all interpersonal interactions.”
Therapeutic approach is in the program PUM-O is very important, be-
cause in most of the participants’ families’ intergenerational transmission can
be found. With the majority of the participants, their relational needs are not
satisfied, so this deficit is reflected in loneliness, dissatisfaction, fear, despair,
self-injuring, aimless vegetating, violence, depression and various addictions
(Žvelc, 2016). The acquired patterns can be changed and improved with the
professional therapeutic help. Therefore, the therapist also works with the indi-
viduals as well as the entire group. The therapist uses compassionate approach
and addresses inadequate forms of participant’s behaviour models. When we
talk about changing the depth patterns of behaviour, emotions and beliefs we
primarily focus on the patterns of the family model from childhood (the rela-
tionship mother-child). The further emotional, cognitive and inter-relational
experience of thinking and response largely depends on the primary relation-
ship (Gostečnik, 1997, 2007).
With emphatic therapeutic approach and modification of depth patterns
of behaviour, emotions and beliefs the participants may respond differently to
other co-participants. They also begin to experience and respond differently to
the relationships in the home environment. In this way the entire system of in-
terpersonal interaction among participants, as well as the system of interaction
between the members of their family can change. The aim of the therapeutic
approach is to help the participants find the new functional patterns of behav-
related basic affects, such as fear, anger, horror, shame, contempt, disappoint-
ment as well as emotional calmness and satisfaction learn in the family. These
relations are marked forever, because they are internalized in childhood based
on mechanism of projection-introjection identification and consolidated based
on compulsive repetition. Even Cvetek (2009) mentions that children get the
basic patterns, rules for behaviour, emotions the basics of the language and cul-
ture skills of expression and thinking in the family.
Various authors (Haley, 1987; Minuchin, 1981; Framo, 1992; Boszorome-
nyi-Nagy, 1986 and Bowen, 1978, in Gostečnik, 2008, 2010, 2011) focused on co-
vert pathological transactions and many times unsolved transfers of painful
mental content to a particular individual who has unconsciously adopted this
contents. Because of this internalization, he or she becomes identified patient
or “scapegoat” of a certain family. The identified patient is therefore an indi-
vidual who carries and maintains symptomatic patterns of relationships with-
in the family through the mechanism of compulsive repetition that is forced
repetition of basic patterns of interpersonal interactions. Framo mentions (i.e.:
Gostečnik 2011 p. 180), that certain patterns or family topics skip a whole gen-
eration, and then mysteriously settle again in the new generation, who do not
even know where these painful contents come from. Framo (i.e.: Gostečnik
2011, p. 180) also states how the past can affect the present and how “family
through several generations develops dysfunctional patterns of behaviour, feel-
ing, beliefs and above all interpersonal interactions.”
Therapeutic approach is in the program PUM-O is very important, be-
cause in most of the participants’ families’ intergenerational transmission can
be found. With the majority of the participants, their relational needs are not
satisfied, so this deficit is reflected in loneliness, dissatisfaction, fear, despair,
self-injuring, aimless vegetating, violence, depression and various addictions
(Žvelc, 2016). The acquired patterns can be changed and improved with the
professional therapeutic help. Therefore, the therapist also works with the indi-
viduals as well as the entire group. The therapist uses compassionate approach
and addresses inadequate forms of participant’s behaviour models. When we
talk about changing the depth patterns of behaviour, emotions and beliefs we
primarily focus on the patterns of the family model from childhood (the rela-
tionship mother-child). The further emotional, cognitive and inter-relational
experience of thinking and response largely depends on the primary relation-
ship (Gostečnik, 1997, 2007).
With emphatic therapeutic approach and modification of depth patterns
of behaviour, emotions and beliefs the participants may respond differently to
other co-participants. They also begin to experience and respond differently to
the relationships in the home environment. In this way the entire system of in-
terpersonal interaction among participants, as well as the system of interaction
between the members of their family can change. The aim of the therapeutic
approach is to help the participants find the new functional patterns of behav-
