Page 101 - Petelin, Ana. 2020. Ed. Zdravje delovno aktivne populacije / Health of the Working-Age Population. Proceedings. Koper: University of Primorska Press.
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eadsheet software and pedometer functions in mobile phones. On the other the role of information and communication technology in self-management of type 2 diabetes 99
hand, most of the patients with type 2 diabetes were willing to use ICT-based
tools in future and thought it is useful (Shibuta et al., 2016). In the study from
Georgsson and Stagegers (2017) patients saw clear benefits in using the tech-
nology and had favourable behavioural disease outcomes after 6 months using
ICT-based self-management tool. These types of tools were also accepted by the
health care personnel, who claimed it helped them with continuous monitor-
ing of the patient’s health status, especially for patients that live in the coun-
tryside. It also helps take preventive measures sooner, relieve them unneces-
sary work and enables faster and easier accomplishment of their daily tasks
(Ayanlade et al., 2019). Psychosocial factors which influence patients’ willing-
ness to use ICT are the patients’ attitude toward ICT, the effectiveness and lev-
el of expected success of such technology, and the strive imported by the pa-
tients (Shibuta et al., 2016). Other factors associated with the willingness are
not having nephropathy, frequent visits to diabetes physicians once a month or
more and current use of personal computers and/or smartphones (Shibuta et
al., 2016). Patients suggested that ICT should include different communication
channels, enable possibilities for exchanging experiences and connection with
different healthcare systems and to offer written and visual individualized in-
formation about their disease (Gardsten et al., 2017). Patients were unwilling to
use an ICT based self-management tool because it seemed burdensome, diffi-
cult to use and too complex, especially for older patients. For some patients it
seemed boring, ineffective, and too time consuming. Others thought that their
current self-management activities were enough for them or their health con-
dition did not allow them to use ICT based tools (Shibuta et al., 2016; Petersen
et al., 2018). Other barriers included fear of data insecurity, mistrust of technol-
ogy and the preference of face-to-face interaction with health care personnel
(Petersen et al., 2018; Ayanlade et al., 2019). It was shown that patients found
ICT based tools helpful in making diabetes self-managment plans (Ayanlade et
al., 2019). They also used ICT to facilitate data logging and as an incentive for
better adherence to disease management principles. Studies show that the use
of ICT contributes to a statistically significant reduction of glycated haemoglo-
bin (HbA1c) (Lehocki et al., 2015; Aminuddin et al., 2019). Patients that used
ICT-based self-management tools also showed better self-efficacy, self-care ac-
tivities and health related quality of life (Aminuddin et al., 2019). Studies are
however divided about the reduction of body weight and BMI (Lehocki et al.,
2015; Aminuddin et al., 2019).
Conclusion
Patients with diabetes are aware of ICT’s benefits, importance, and usefulness
in self-management, yet its usage remains low. ICT has a positive effect on both
patients and health care personnel. It is a matter of fact that ICT is becoming
more necessary, due to the fast ageing population and an increasing rate of
chronic diseases. Therefore, it is important to know and understand the res-
hand, most of the patients with type 2 diabetes were willing to use ICT-based
tools in future and thought it is useful (Shibuta et al., 2016). In the study from
Georgsson and Stagegers (2017) patients saw clear benefits in using the tech-
nology and had favourable behavioural disease outcomes after 6 months using
ICT-based self-management tool. These types of tools were also accepted by the
health care personnel, who claimed it helped them with continuous monitor-
ing of the patient’s health status, especially for patients that live in the coun-
tryside. It also helps take preventive measures sooner, relieve them unneces-
sary work and enables faster and easier accomplishment of their daily tasks
(Ayanlade et al., 2019). Psychosocial factors which influence patients’ willing-
ness to use ICT are the patients’ attitude toward ICT, the effectiveness and lev-
el of expected success of such technology, and the strive imported by the pa-
tients (Shibuta et al., 2016). Other factors associated with the willingness are
not having nephropathy, frequent visits to diabetes physicians once a month or
more and current use of personal computers and/or smartphones (Shibuta et
al., 2016). Patients suggested that ICT should include different communication
channels, enable possibilities for exchanging experiences and connection with
different healthcare systems and to offer written and visual individualized in-
formation about their disease (Gardsten et al., 2017). Patients were unwilling to
use an ICT based self-management tool because it seemed burdensome, diffi-
cult to use and too complex, especially for older patients. For some patients it
seemed boring, ineffective, and too time consuming. Others thought that their
current self-management activities were enough for them or their health con-
dition did not allow them to use ICT based tools (Shibuta et al., 2016; Petersen
et al., 2018). Other barriers included fear of data insecurity, mistrust of technol-
ogy and the preference of face-to-face interaction with health care personnel
(Petersen et al., 2018; Ayanlade et al., 2019). It was shown that patients found
ICT based tools helpful in making diabetes self-managment plans (Ayanlade et
al., 2019). They also used ICT to facilitate data logging and as an incentive for
better adherence to disease management principles. Studies show that the use
of ICT contributes to a statistically significant reduction of glycated haemoglo-
bin (HbA1c) (Lehocki et al., 2015; Aminuddin et al., 2019). Patients that used
ICT-based self-management tools also showed better self-efficacy, self-care ac-
tivities and health related quality of life (Aminuddin et al., 2019). Studies are
however divided about the reduction of body weight and BMI (Lehocki et al.,
2015; Aminuddin et al., 2019).
Conclusion
Patients with diabetes are aware of ICT’s benefits, importance, and usefulness
in self-management, yet its usage remains low. ICT has a positive effect on both
patients and health care personnel. It is a matter of fact that ICT is becoming
more necessary, due to the fast ageing population and an increasing rate of
chronic diseases. Therefore, it is important to know and understand the res-
