Page 105 - Panjek, Aleksander, Jesper Larsson and Luca Mocarelli, eds. 2017. Integrated Peasant Economy in a Comparative Perspective: Alps, Scandinavia and Beyond. Koper: University of Primorska Press
P. 105
integr ated peasant economy in friuli (16th–18th centuries)
Table 4.1: Integrated peasant economy in different geographical and socio-economic
contexts
Sector Activity F P-1 P-2 M-1 M-2
Primary Agricultural specialisation YNYYY
Intensification of cultivation YNYYY
Secondary Wage day-labour in agriculture YYYYY
Extension/intensification of breeding YNNY Y
Tertiary Intensification of forest exploitation YNNY Y
Total Y Extension of cultivated land YYYYY
Transformation of primary resources
/products YYYYY
Rural crafts
Domestic putting-out system NNNNN
‘Centred’ industries YNNNY
Migrant/mobile craftsmen YNNNY
Wage labour in industrial sector YNNNY
Services in the field of long and medium NNNNN
distance trade
Transport of other people’s products YNNY Y
and goods on short to medium distance
Trafficking with own products and goods YYYYY
on short to medium distance
Peddling YNNY Y
Smuggling
YNNYN
YYYYY
15 5 7 12 14
Note: F = Friuli; P-1 = Plain 1, ‘Conservative landlord model’; P-2 = Plain 2, ‘Innovative land-
lord model’; Mountain 1, ‘Pedlar model’; Mountain 2, ‘Handicraft model’.
For the primary sector, referring only to the Early Modern period, we
might think that the crop specialisation in the villages on the plain could
take place only where the landowners inclined to experimentation were
leading innovation. In the mountains, on the contrary, examples of spe-
cialisation could be traced also in relation to industrial activities, such as
the processing of linen and hemp (Gri 1998; Ferigo 1993), which had led to
forms of exploitation of the soil less likely to occur in a context where inno-
vation was imposed from above.
The intensification of cultivation was possible mainly in the moun-
tains. In this context, the increase in population could be sustained, as in
103
Table 4.1: Integrated peasant economy in different geographical and socio-economic
contexts
Sector Activity F P-1 P-2 M-1 M-2
Primary Agricultural specialisation YNYYY
Intensification of cultivation YNYYY
Secondary Wage day-labour in agriculture YYYYY
Extension/intensification of breeding YNNY Y
Tertiary Intensification of forest exploitation YNNY Y
Total Y Extension of cultivated land YYYYY
Transformation of primary resources
/products YYYYY
Rural crafts
Domestic putting-out system NNNNN
‘Centred’ industries YNNNY
Migrant/mobile craftsmen YNNNY
Wage labour in industrial sector YNNNY
Services in the field of long and medium NNNNN
distance trade
Transport of other people’s products YNNY Y
and goods on short to medium distance
Trafficking with own products and goods YYYYY
on short to medium distance
Peddling YNNY Y
Smuggling
YNNYN
YYYYY
15 5 7 12 14
Note: F = Friuli; P-1 = Plain 1, ‘Conservative landlord model’; P-2 = Plain 2, ‘Innovative land-
lord model’; Mountain 1, ‘Pedlar model’; Mountain 2, ‘Handicraft model’.
For the primary sector, referring only to the Early Modern period, we
might think that the crop specialisation in the villages on the plain could
take place only where the landowners inclined to experimentation were
leading innovation. In the mountains, on the contrary, examples of spe-
cialisation could be traced also in relation to industrial activities, such as
the processing of linen and hemp (Gri 1998; Ferigo 1993), which had led to
forms of exploitation of the soil less likely to occur in a context where inno-
vation was imposed from above.
The intensification of cultivation was possible mainly in the moun-
tains. In this context, the increase in population could be sustained, as in
103
