Page 139 - Petelin, Ana, Nejc Šarabon, Boštjan Žvanut, eds. 2017. Zdravje delovno aktivne populacije ▪︎ Health of the Working-Age Population. Proceedings. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem/University of Primorska Press
P. 139
ual intercourse after the birth due to fear of pain (77 %). 331 of them reported the quality of sexual life after experiencing the episiotomy birth 137
lower sexual desire and among those, 45 % of them identified pain as the most
common cause (Grabner, 2015).
Therefore authors were interested in investigating the connection be-
tween dyspareunia and episiotomy after the childbirth.
Methods
Descriptive research method has been used, based on the review of relevant na-
tional and international scientific literature. The review of the literature took
place in the January 2017, with the help of international databases.
Searching terms included the following key words: »episiotomy«, »sexu-
ality«, »postpartum« and »dyspareunia«. The literature search was limited on
the Slovenian and English language and included the relevant papers published
between years 2007 and 2017. Later on the search was narrowed to the publica-
tions in the last five years in order to get the best and newest evidence.
The following databases were searched: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EI-
FL Direct, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, ERIC, Midirs and Embase.
We excluded studies of dyspareunia among women after different gy-
naecologic operations, with simultaneous mental health problems and stud-
ies among women with dyspareunia due to congenital malformations of repro-
ductive organs. Excluded were also studies that investigated dyspareunia after
the perineal lacerations, vacuum extraction, cesarean cestion or spontaneous
delivery with intact perineum.
The search returned alltogether 77 references. Studies were sorted accord-
ing to exclusion criteria. At the end 14 sources were included in the review (2
from CINAHL, 1 from Cochrane, 2 from EIFL Direct, 3 from Science direct
and 6 from Springer).
Results
Sexual disfunctions are more common in postpartum year as in other peri-
ods of women‘s life (Abdool et al., 2009). Buurman & Lagro-Janssen (2013) have
found in their qualitative study 73 % incidence of sexual disfunctions in the
puerperium. Their sample was small and one could argue that their research
design provide insufficient results. However also Rosen and Pukall (2016) and
Khajehei et al. (2015) confirmed high incidence of problems in sexuality in the
postpartum period. When comparing the incidence 3-, 6-, and 12- months
postpartum it is obvious that the ratio of sexual dysfunctions decline in time
after the childbirth (Khajehei et al., 2015).
In the case of perineal trauma Williams et al. (2007) found out that wom-
en experience in 54,5 % sexual dysfunctions even after 12 months after the birth.
Some authors (Doğan et al., 2017) report impact of the episiotomy on sexual de-
sire, arousal and orgasm even 5 years after the birth. On contrary some stud-
lower sexual desire and among those, 45 % of them identified pain as the most
common cause (Grabner, 2015).
Therefore authors were interested in investigating the connection be-
tween dyspareunia and episiotomy after the childbirth.
Methods
Descriptive research method has been used, based on the review of relevant na-
tional and international scientific literature. The review of the literature took
place in the January 2017, with the help of international databases.
Searching terms included the following key words: »episiotomy«, »sexu-
ality«, »postpartum« and »dyspareunia«. The literature search was limited on
the Slovenian and English language and included the relevant papers published
between years 2007 and 2017. Later on the search was narrowed to the publica-
tions in the last five years in order to get the best and newest evidence.
The following databases were searched: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EI-
FL Direct, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, ERIC, Midirs and Embase.
We excluded studies of dyspareunia among women after different gy-
naecologic operations, with simultaneous mental health problems and stud-
ies among women with dyspareunia due to congenital malformations of repro-
ductive organs. Excluded were also studies that investigated dyspareunia after
the perineal lacerations, vacuum extraction, cesarean cestion or spontaneous
delivery with intact perineum.
The search returned alltogether 77 references. Studies were sorted accord-
ing to exclusion criteria. At the end 14 sources were included in the review (2
from CINAHL, 1 from Cochrane, 2 from EIFL Direct, 3 from Science direct
and 6 from Springer).
Results
Sexual disfunctions are more common in postpartum year as in other peri-
ods of women‘s life (Abdool et al., 2009). Buurman & Lagro-Janssen (2013) have
found in their qualitative study 73 % incidence of sexual disfunctions in the
puerperium. Their sample was small and one could argue that their research
design provide insufficient results. However also Rosen and Pukall (2016) and
Khajehei et al. (2015) confirmed high incidence of problems in sexuality in the
postpartum period. When comparing the incidence 3-, 6-, and 12- months
postpartum it is obvious that the ratio of sexual dysfunctions decline in time
after the childbirth (Khajehei et al., 2015).
In the case of perineal trauma Williams et al. (2007) found out that wom-
en experience in 54,5 % sexual dysfunctions even after 12 months after the birth.
Some authors (Doğan et al., 2017) report impact of the episiotomy on sexual de-
sire, arousal and orgasm even 5 years after the birth. On contrary some stud-
