Page 140 - Petelin, Ana, Nejc Šarabon, Boštjan Žvanut, eds. 2017. Zdravje delovno aktivne populacije ▪︎ Health of the Working-Age Population. Proceedings. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem/University of Primorska Press
P. 140
avje delovno aktivne populacije | health of the working-age population 138 ies did not found differences in reasuming sexuality postnatally among wom-
en with episiotomy or those with intact perineum (Lagana et al., 2015; Kramna
and Vrublova, 2016).
Dyspareunia is reported by 41 %-67 % of women 2 to 3 months postpar-
tum in case of some kind perineal trauma quote Yeniel and Petri (2014). Acele
and Karacam (2012) report even higher proportions of postnatal women with
dyspareunia – 58,3 %. Necesalova et al. (2016) investigated diferrences in inci-
dence of dyspareunia after mediolateral and lateral episiotomy. Women of both
groups reported similar proportions of pain during sexual intercourse – 15,6 %
in the group with mediolateral episiotomy and 16,1 % in the group with later-
al episiotomy.
The studies by Acele and Karacam (2012), Boran et al. (2013) and Sayasneh
and Pandeva (2010) confirmed the results of older studies (Rogers et al., 2009;
Klein et al., 2009) that episiotomy is more frequently connected to dyspareunia
than ruptures of perineum. Statistically significant differences in the incidence
of dyspareunia were found with higher age and presence of sexual problems al-
ready in the time of pregnancy (Acele and Karacam, 2012). Women with episi-
otomy in general have lower postpartum sexual function on FSF (Female Sex-
ual Function) Index in comparison to those with no episiotomy (Lukas, 2014).
Discussion
Many postpartum changes may afect sexual health after the birth – even
non-organic. One of those might be also the changes in the relationship after
the arrival of the new family member (Simšič, 2009). Physical changes can af-
fect sexuality indirectly (for example higher levels of oestogen or tiredness)
(Acele and Karacam, 2012) or directly (like perineal trauma) (Luire et al., 2013).
Dyspareunia can be also a result of incorrect perineal repair (Dahlen, 2015).
Women with perineal trauma tend to resume sexual activity later than
women with intact perineum (McDonald and Brown, 2013). However women
in general have decline of sexual life in the postpartum period, no matter what
the mode of delivery was, claim Faisal-Cury et al. (2015) and women in gener-
al report dissatisfaction with the sexuality in the postnatal period (Khajehei et
al., 2015).
When looking at the results of the studies that investigated the effect of
episiotomy on the prevalence of dyspareunia in puerperium, the evidence are
inconclusive. Further meta-synthesis should examine the differences in the
proportions of dyspareunia among women with episiotomy, second degree lac-
erations or intact perineum.
Conclusions
Dyspareunia is one variable that may have a negative impact on women’s lives
and her partnership, especially if she cannot share her own sexual feelings and
difficulties to her partner and health professionals.
en with episiotomy or those with intact perineum (Lagana et al., 2015; Kramna
and Vrublova, 2016).
Dyspareunia is reported by 41 %-67 % of women 2 to 3 months postpar-
tum in case of some kind perineal trauma quote Yeniel and Petri (2014). Acele
and Karacam (2012) report even higher proportions of postnatal women with
dyspareunia – 58,3 %. Necesalova et al. (2016) investigated diferrences in inci-
dence of dyspareunia after mediolateral and lateral episiotomy. Women of both
groups reported similar proportions of pain during sexual intercourse – 15,6 %
in the group with mediolateral episiotomy and 16,1 % in the group with later-
al episiotomy.
The studies by Acele and Karacam (2012), Boran et al. (2013) and Sayasneh
and Pandeva (2010) confirmed the results of older studies (Rogers et al., 2009;
Klein et al., 2009) that episiotomy is more frequently connected to dyspareunia
than ruptures of perineum. Statistically significant differences in the incidence
of dyspareunia were found with higher age and presence of sexual problems al-
ready in the time of pregnancy (Acele and Karacam, 2012). Women with episi-
otomy in general have lower postpartum sexual function on FSF (Female Sex-
ual Function) Index in comparison to those with no episiotomy (Lukas, 2014).
Discussion
Many postpartum changes may afect sexual health after the birth – even
non-organic. One of those might be also the changes in the relationship after
the arrival of the new family member (Simšič, 2009). Physical changes can af-
fect sexuality indirectly (for example higher levels of oestogen or tiredness)
(Acele and Karacam, 2012) or directly (like perineal trauma) (Luire et al., 2013).
Dyspareunia can be also a result of incorrect perineal repair (Dahlen, 2015).
Women with perineal trauma tend to resume sexual activity later than
women with intact perineum (McDonald and Brown, 2013). However women
in general have decline of sexual life in the postpartum period, no matter what
the mode of delivery was, claim Faisal-Cury et al. (2015) and women in gener-
al report dissatisfaction with the sexuality in the postnatal period (Khajehei et
al., 2015).
When looking at the results of the studies that investigated the effect of
episiotomy on the prevalence of dyspareunia in puerperium, the evidence are
inconclusive. Further meta-synthesis should examine the differences in the
proportions of dyspareunia among women with episiotomy, second degree lac-
erations or intact perineum.
Conclusions
Dyspareunia is one variable that may have a negative impact on women’s lives
and her partnership, especially if she cannot share her own sexual feelings and
difficulties to her partner and health professionals.
