Page 72 - Petelin, Ana, et al. 2019. Eds. Zdravje otrok in mladostnikov / Health of Children and Adolescents. Proceedings. Koper: University of Primorska Press
P. 72
avje otrok in mladostnikov | health of children and adolescents 70 caine, heroin, “speed”, LSD, ecstasy, etc.)?” We standardized all three items
and created a summation variable (Cronbach alpha = 0.53).
We measured authoritative parenting style with three items on a 5-point
Likert scale (1 = “very uncharacteristic of me”; 5 = “very characteristic of
me”). Three items were adapted from previous studies of parenting practic-
es by Robinson and colleagues (1995), including one in a cross-cultural set-
ting (Robinson et al., 1996). Three authoritative parenting style items were:
“My parents were aware of my problems or concerns about school; “My par-
ents gave me reasons why rules should be obeyed” and “My parents allowed
me to give input into family rules”. Cronbach alpha of the three-item measure
in our study was 0.68.
We measured frequency of perceived discrimination with seven items,
i.e. reasons for perceived discrimination. The question asked was: “How often
do you feel discriminated against for one of the following reasons?” The fre-
quency of perceived discrimination (0 = “neve”r; 4 = “frequently”) was exam-
ined based on the following seven perceived reasons of discrimination: gen-
der, (socio)economic status (SES), religious affiliation, ethnicity/nationality,
educational level, political affiliation and regional origin. We created summa-
tion scale to calculate the number of stated reasons for discrimination for each
respondent (variety of perceived discrimination). The scale had a minimum
value of 0 (i.e., a person who was “never” discriminated against for none of
the seven stated reasons) and maximum value of 7 (i.e., a person who was “at
least rarely (or more frequently)” discriminated against for each of the seven
stated reasons). The summation variable thus indicates the number of differ-
ent types of discrimination a person experiences. Cronbach alpha of the sev-
en-item measure was 0.77.
Age, gender, maternal and paternal education, self-assessed family ma-
terial status and size of residential settlement were entered as controls in our
multivariate regression models.
Results
We first examined whether authoritative parenting style and perceived
discrimination impact youth’s subjective health and substance use. Table
1 shows that youth high on authoritative parenting report better subjective
health (B = 0.18; p < 0.001; first column) and less substance use (B = -0.16;
p < 0.001; second column). In addition, perceived discrimination decreases
subjective health (B = -0.11; p < 0.001; third column), but has no impact on
substance use (p > 0.05; fourth column).
and created a summation variable (Cronbach alpha = 0.53).
We measured authoritative parenting style with three items on a 5-point
Likert scale (1 = “very uncharacteristic of me”; 5 = “very characteristic of
me”). Three items were adapted from previous studies of parenting practic-
es by Robinson and colleagues (1995), including one in a cross-cultural set-
ting (Robinson et al., 1996). Three authoritative parenting style items were:
“My parents were aware of my problems or concerns about school; “My par-
ents gave me reasons why rules should be obeyed” and “My parents allowed
me to give input into family rules”. Cronbach alpha of the three-item measure
in our study was 0.68.
We measured frequency of perceived discrimination with seven items,
i.e. reasons for perceived discrimination. The question asked was: “How often
do you feel discriminated against for one of the following reasons?” The fre-
quency of perceived discrimination (0 = “neve”r; 4 = “frequently”) was exam-
ined based on the following seven perceived reasons of discrimination: gen-
der, (socio)economic status (SES), religious affiliation, ethnicity/nationality,
educational level, political affiliation and regional origin. We created summa-
tion scale to calculate the number of stated reasons for discrimination for each
respondent (variety of perceived discrimination). The scale had a minimum
value of 0 (i.e., a person who was “never” discriminated against for none of
the seven stated reasons) and maximum value of 7 (i.e., a person who was “at
least rarely (or more frequently)” discriminated against for each of the seven
stated reasons). The summation variable thus indicates the number of differ-
ent types of discrimination a person experiences. Cronbach alpha of the sev-
en-item measure was 0.77.
Age, gender, maternal and paternal education, self-assessed family ma-
terial status and size of residential settlement were entered as controls in our
multivariate regression models.
Results
We first examined whether authoritative parenting style and perceived
discrimination impact youth’s subjective health and substance use. Table
1 shows that youth high on authoritative parenting report better subjective
health (B = 0.18; p < 0.001; first column) and less substance use (B = -0.16;
p < 0.001; second column). In addition, perceived discrimination decreases
subjective health (B = -0.11; p < 0.001; third column), but has no impact on
substance use (p > 0.05; fourth column).
