Page 14 - Sember, Vedrana, and Shawnda A. Morrison. 2018. The Mind-Body Connection. Koper: University of Primorska Press.
P. 14
Physical Activity
usually proficient in patterns of natural movements, such as run-
ning, jumping, throwing and catching and standing or moving on
one leg (Škof, 2007). After the age of 7, movement and physical activ-
ity becomes more accurate, easy, efficient and useful in different
situations. Younger children move more than older, and boys are
moving more than girls (Riddoch et al., 2007), and children are phys-
ically less active than a decade before (Strel et al., 2003).
Physical activity is any bodily movement, produced by skeletal
muscles and resulting in energy expenditure. It can be measured
in kilocalories and can be classified into occupational, sports, con-
ditioning, household and other activities. It is a complex behavi-
or, including sports and non-sports activities (Caspersen, Powell, &
Christenson, 1985; Gabriel, Morrow, & Woolsey, 2012), so also meas-
uring it is complicated. Sports and movement are often planned,
structured and repetitive, whereas non-sport activities are occu-
pational and not planned. The difficult nature of physical activity
makes it challenging to precisely measure (Plasqui & Westerterp,
2006) all of its aspects and outcome parameters, such as energy ex-
penditure. Different measuring techniques can be grouped into five
categories: behavioral observation, self-report, physiological mark-
12
usually proficient in patterns of natural movements, such as run-
ning, jumping, throwing and catching and standing or moving on
one leg (Škof, 2007). After the age of 7, movement and physical activ-
ity becomes more accurate, easy, efficient and useful in different
situations. Younger children move more than older, and boys are
moving more than girls (Riddoch et al., 2007), and children are phys-
ically less active than a decade before (Strel et al., 2003).
Physical activity is any bodily movement, produced by skeletal
muscles and resulting in energy expenditure. It can be measured
in kilocalories and can be classified into occupational, sports, con-
ditioning, household and other activities. It is a complex behavi-
or, including sports and non-sports activities (Caspersen, Powell, &
Christenson, 1985; Gabriel, Morrow, & Woolsey, 2012), so also meas-
uring it is complicated. Sports and movement are often planned,
structured and repetitive, whereas non-sport activities are occu-
pational and not planned. The difficult nature of physical activity
makes it challenging to precisely measure (Plasqui & Westerterp,
2006) all of its aspects and outcome parameters, such as energy ex-
penditure. Different measuring techniques can be grouped into five
categories: behavioral observation, self-report, physiological mark-
12
