Page 194 - S. Ličen, I. Karnjuš, & M. Prosen (Eds.). (2019). Women, migrations and health: Ensuring transcultural healthcare. Koper, University of Primorska Press.
P. 194
bara Donik, Mateja Lorber, and Majda Pajnkihar
Table 2 Differences between Gender and Dimensions of Cultural Awareness
CAS Dimensions Man Woman Z p
x sx s
General Education Experience . . . . –. .
. . –. .
Cognitive Awareness . . . . –. .
. . –. .
Behaviors/Comfort with Interactions . . . . –. .
Patient Care/Clinical Issues . .
Total . .
Notes Column headings are as follows: x – average, s – standard deviation, Z – Mann-Whitney
test value, p – statistical significance.
The results showed that the average score of self-assessment for the cul-
tures awareness for nursing students was 3.61 (s = 0.40) (72 of total score).
General Education Experience 3.60 (s = 0.40) (72 of total score), Cognitive
Awareness 3.78 (s = 0.61) (76 of total score); Behavior/Comfort with Interac-
tion 3.61 (s = 0.67) (72 of total score); Patient Care/Clinical Issues 3.47 (s = 0.52)
(69 of total score). For undergraduate program 1st year nursing students
average score was 3.64 (s = 0.19), 2nd year student average score was 3.59 (s
= 0.33) and 3rd year nursing students average score was 3.59 (s = 0.32). For
postgraduate program average cultural awareness score was 3.73 (s = 0.29)
and 2nd year nursing students average score was 3.63 (s = 0.20).
The Mann-Whitney test showed that the differences between gender
in the dimension ‘Behavior/Comfort with Interaction’ are perceived. Fe-
male students access dimension Behavior/Comfort statistically significantly
higher (z = –2.058; p = 0.040) (Table 2).
Table 3 presents the results of differences between part time and full-time
nursing students. Part time nursing students access the dimension ‘General
Education Experience’ statistically significantly higher (z = –1.988, p = 0.047).
Table 3 Mann-Whitney Test between Dimensions of Cultural Awareness and Type of the
Study
CAS Dimensions Full time Part time Z p
xs xs
General Education Experience –. .
Cognitive Awareness . . . . –. .
Behaviors/Comfort with Interactions . . . . –. .
Patient Care/Clinical Issues . . . . –. .
Total . . . . –. .
. . . .
Notes Column headings are as follows: x – average, s – standard deviation, Z – Mann-Whitney
test value, p – statistical significance.
192
Table 2 Differences between Gender and Dimensions of Cultural Awareness
CAS Dimensions Man Woman Z p
x sx s
General Education Experience . . . . –. .
. . –. .
Cognitive Awareness . . . . –. .
. . –. .
Behaviors/Comfort with Interactions . . . . –. .
Patient Care/Clinical Issues . .
Total . .
Notes Column headings are as follows: x – average, s – standard deviation, Z – Mann-Whitney
test value, p – statistical significance.
The results showed that the average score of self-assessment for the cul-
tures awareness for nursing students was 3.61 (s = 0.40) (72 of total score).
General Education Experience 3.60 (s = 0.40) (72 of total score), Cognitive
Awareness 3.78 (s = 0.61) (76 of total score); Behavior/Comfort with Interac-
tion 3.61 (s = 0.67) (72 of total score); Patient Care/Clinical Issues 3.47 (s = 0.52)
(69 of total score). For undergraduate program 1st year nursing students
average score was 3.64 (s = 0.19), 2nd year student average score was 3.59 (s
= 0.33) and 3rd year nursing students average score was 3.59 (s = 0.32). For
postgraduate program average cultural awareness score was 3.73 (s = 0.29)
and 2nd year nursing students average score was 3.63 (s = 0.20).
The Mann-Whitney test showed that the differences between gender
in the dimension ‘Behavior/Comfort with Interaction’ are perceived. Fe-
male students access dimension Behavior/Comfort statistically significantly
higher (z = –2.058; p = 0.040) (Table 2).
Table 3 presents the results of differences between part time and full-time
nursing students. Part time nursing students access the dimension ‘General
Education Experience’ statistically significantly higher (z = –1.988, p = 0.047).
Table 3 Mann-Whitney Test between Dimensions of Cultural Awareness and Type of the
Study
CAS Dimensions Full time Part time Z p
xs xs
General Education Experience –. .
Cognitive Awareness . . . . –. .
Behaviors/Comfort with Interactions . . . . –. .
Patient Care/Clinical Issues . . . . –. .
Total . . . . –. .
. . . .
Notes Column headings are as follows: x – average, s – standard deviation, Z – Mann-Whitney
test value, p – statistical significance.
192
