Page 122 - Studia Universitatis Hereditati, vol 9(1) (2021)
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eight stećci that were scanned in this pilot casestudia universitatis her editati, letnik 9 (2021), številk a 1 / volume 9 (2021), number 1 122Povzetek
study originated from two sites: from Milavići, an over
650 years old orthodox cemetery with 352 stećci, andhereditati Digitalno zajemanje podatkov postaja vse pomembnej-
still in use, where we scanned six tombstones, and Tre- ši del dokumentiranja, preučevanja in predstavljanja ar-
besin, a smaller site with 17 stećci, from which two were heološke dediščine. Z razvojem tridimenzionalne di-
scanned. Since the scanner is highly sensitive to light gitalizacije je ta tehnika vse bolj dostopna in prisotna v
data, which in a combination with the white surface dokumentaciji ter predstavitvi arheoloških predmetov.
(limestone) prevents the production of quality images 3D skeniranje je še posebej primerno za predmete z raz-
or any images at all, the fieldwork was conducted after ličnimi reliefnimi lastnostmi, kot so okras ali napisi, ki
sunset and further in dark. The fieldwork was followed jih je zaradi staranja predmeta pogosto težko prepozna-
by basic computer processing of the captured data. This ti ali prebrati. To je razlog, da smo metodo preizkusili na
is already made possible by the scanner’s software it- srednjeveških nagrobnikih v Bosni in Hercegovini.
self, yet for more complex processing it is necessary to Tridimenzionalni modeli nagrobnikov (stečkov) so bili
use additional software that enable greater data manip- narejeni z dvema tehnikama: fotogrametrijo in 3D ske-
ulation. The file formats in which we can store 3D data niranjem. Za skeniranje smo uporabili prenosni skener
and models created in the scanner program are: .prj, .asc EinScan Pro 2X Plus (večnamenski ročni 3D skener),
(separated), .asc (whole), .stl, .obj, .oly, .3mf, and .p3. ki temelji na strukturni svetlobni tehnologiji. Optični
The advantage of three-dimensional models is that they bralnik projicira vrsto linearnih svetlobnih vzorcev na
allow us to observe an object in a different way than we predmet, kamera jih zabeleži in programska oprema iz-
do with a physical object. The model can be changed računa razdaljo vsake točke v vzorcu. Rezultat postop-
lighting, colour, add or subtract texture, turn, etc. Cer- ka skeniranja je oblak točk, ki ga je mogoče nadalje ob-
tain reliefs on the upper surface of the stećak tomb- delati.
stones, for example, are already severely damaged due Osem stečkov, ki so bili skenirani v tej pilotni študiji pri-
to the influence of atmospheric factors (stone erosion), mera, izvira iz dveh krajev: iz Milavičev, več kot 650 let
which makes their readability difficult. Such surfac- starega pravoslavnega pokopališča s 352 stečki, ki je še
es are easier to read from the three-dimensional mod- vedno v uporabi, na katerem smo pregledali šest nag-
el. In addition, it allows us to explore monuments fur- robnikov, in Trebesina, manjšega mesta s 17 stečki, kjer
ther even after the fieldwork and, as such, represents an smo skenirali dva nagrobnika. Ker je optični bralnik zelo
integral part of the documentation of the site. (Simul- občutljiv na svetlobne podatke, kar v kombinaciji z belo
taneously, three-dimensional models are also significant površino (apnenec) preprečuje nastanek kakovostnih
for their presentation to the broader interested public, slik ali kakršnih koli slik, smo terensko delo izvajali po
both in the original environment and elsewhere. They sončnem zahodu in kasneje v temi. Terenskemu delu je
can serve as a basis for their study, protection, promo- sledila osnovna računalniška obdelava zajetih podatkov.
tion, and presentation, either by making a copy or vir- Obdelavo omogoča že sama programska oprema op-
tual content. tičnega bralnika, vendar je za zahtevnejšo obdelavo tre-
A simple glance at the results displays that three-dimen- ba uporabiti dodatno programsko opremo, ki omogoča
sional scanning in our case yielded extremely rich infor- večjo manipulacijo s podatki. Formati datotek, v kate-
mation that would not otherwise be identified and cap- re lahko shranimo 3D podatke in modele, ustvarjene v
tured. Three-dimensional modelling from photographs programu za optični bralnik, so: .prj, .asc (ločeno), .asc
has proven to be a richer data package than just reading (celo), .stl, .obj, .oly, .3mf in .p3.
information from photographs alone, but 3D scanning Prednost tridimenzionalnih modelov je, da nam omo-
with a hand-held scanner is disproportionally richer and gočajo opazovanje predmeta na drugačen način kot pri
more accurate with data it teases out. 3D models enable fizičnem objektu. Modelu je mogoče spremeniti osve-
detailed research, analysis, and manipulation of the ob- tlitev, barvo, dodati ali odvzeti teksturo itd. Nekateri
tained information in every sector dealing with the cul- reliefi na površini stečkov so na primer že močno poš-
tural heritage. kodovani zaradi vpliva atmosferskih dejavnikov (erozi-
ja kamna), zaradi česar so težko berljivi. Takšne povr-
study originated from two sites: from Milavići, an over
650 years old orthodox cemetery with 352 stećci, andhereditati Digitalno zajemanje podatkov postaja vse pomembnej-
still in use, where we scanned six tombstones, and Tre- ši del dokumentiranja, preučevanja in predstavljanja ar-
besin, a smaller site with 17 stećci, from which two were heološke dediščine. Z razvojem tridimenzionalne di-
scanned. Since the scanner is highly sensitive to light gitalizacije je ta tehnika vse bolj dostopna in prisotna v
data, which in a combination with the white surface dokumentaciji ter predstavitvi arheoloških predmetov.
(limestone) prevents the production of quality images 3D skeniranje je še posebej primerno za predmete z raz-
or any images at all, the fieldwork was conducted after ličnimi reliefnimi lastnostmi, kot so okras ali napisi, ki
sunset and further in dark. The fieldwork was followed jih je zaradi staranja predmeta pogosto težko prepozna-
by basic computer processing of the captured data. This ti ali prebrati. To je razlog, da smo metodo preizkusili na
is already made possible by the scanner’s software it- srednjeveških nagrobnikih v Bosni in Hercegovini.
self, yet for more complex processing it is necessary to Tridimenzionalni modeli nagrobnikov (stečkov) so bili
use additional software that enable greater data manip- narejeni z dvema tehnikama: fotogrametrijo in 3D ske-
ulation. The file formats in which we can store 3D data niranjem. Za skeniranje smo uporabili prenosni skener
and models created in the scanner program are: .prj, .asc EinScan Pro 2X Plus (večnamenski ročni 3D skener),
(separated), .asc (whole), .stl, .obj, .oly, .3mf, and .p3. ki temelji na strukturni svetlobni tehnologiji. Optični
The advantage of three-dimensional models is that they bralnik projicira vrsto linearnih svetlobnih vzorcev na
allow us to observe an object in a different way than we predmet, kamera jih zabeleži in programska oprema iz-
do with a physical object. The model can be changed računa razdaljo vsake točke v vzorcu. Rezultat postop-
lighting, colour, add or subtract texture, turn, etc. Cer- ka skeniranja je oblak točk, ki ga je mogoče nadalje ob-
tain reliefs on the upper surface of the stećak tomb- delati.
stones, for example, are already severely damaged due Osem stečkov, ki so bili skenirani v tej pilotni študiji pri-
to the influence of atmospheric factors (stone erosion), mera, izvira iz dveh krajev: iz Milavičev, več kot 650 let
which makes their readability difficult. Such surfac- starega pravoslavnega pokopališča s 352 stečki, ki je še
es are easier to read from the three-dimensional mod- vedno v uporabi, na katerem smo pregledali šest nag-
el. In addition, it allows us to explore monuments fur- robnikov, in Trebesina, manjšega mesta s 17 stečki, kjer
ther even after the fieldwork and, as such, represents an smo skenirali dva nagrobnika. Ker je optični bralnik zelo
integral part of the documentation of the site. (Simul- občutljiv na svetlobne podatke, kar v kombinaciji z belo
taneously, three-dimensional models are also significant površino (apnenec) preprečuje nastanek kakovostnih
for their presentation to the broader interested public, slik ali kakršnih koli slik, smo terensko delo izvajali po
both in the original environment and elsewhere. They sončnem zahodu in kasneje v temi. Terenskemu delu je
can serve as a basis for their study, protection, promo- sledila osnovna računalniška obdelava zajetih podatkov.
tion, and presentation, either by making a copy or vir- Obdelavo omogoča že sama programska oprema op-
tual content. tičnega bralnika, vendar je za zahtevnejšo obdelavo tre-
A simple glance at the results displays that three-dimen- ba uporabiti dodatno programsko opremo, ki omogoča
sional scanning in our case yielded extremely rich infor- večjo manipulacijo s podatki. Formati datotek, v kate-
mation that would not otherwise be identified and cap- re lahko shranimo 3D podatke in modele, ustvarjene v
tured. Three-dimensional modelling from photographs programu za optični bralnik, so: .prj, .asc (ločeno), .asc
has proven to be a richer data package than just reading (celo), .stl, .obj, .oly, .3mf in .p3.
information from photographs alone, but 3D scanning Prednost tridimenzionalnih modelov je, da nam omo-
with a hand-held scanner is disproportionally richer and gočajo opazovanje predmeta na drugačen način kot pri
more accurate with data it teases out. 3D models enable fizičnem objektu. Modelu je mogoče spremeniti osve-
detailed research, analysis, and manipulation of the ob- tlitev, barvo, dodati ali odvzeti teksturo itd. Nekateri
tained information in every sector dealing with the cul- reliefi na površini stečkov so na primer že močno poš-
tural heritage. kodovani zaradi vpliva atmosferskih dejavnikov (erozi-
ja kamna), zaradi česar so težko berljivi. Takšne povr-
