Page 63 - Petelin, Ana. 2020. Zdravje delovno aktivne populacije / Health of the Working-Age Population. Zbornik povzetkov z recenzijo ▪︎ Book of Abstracts. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem/University of Primorska Press
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European Code Against Cancer exploitation: ohranjanje in krepitev zdravja | maintaining and promoting health
less cancer in working age population
Urška Ivanuš
Institute of Oncology, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
The association of Slovenian cancer societies, Trubarjeva 76 a, 1000 Ljubljana,
Slovenia
Introduction: Cancer is the leading cause of premature death in Slovenia, con-
tributing to 44% of all deaths before the age of 65. Due to a highly effective pri-
mary and secondary prevention the International Agency for Research on Can-
cer at WHO launched European Code Against Cancer, with an advice how to
prevent cancers at individual level. More than half of new cancers develop due
to aging, however 70-90% of the remaining cancers develop due to risk factors
that can be controlled by individuals themselves.
Cancer risk factors: Most important preventable cancers in working age are to-
bacco-attributed cancers. Smokers lose on average 10-15 life-years. In Slove-
nia, about a quarter of adult population smokes, two thirds want to quit and
more than 3,000 people die each year due to tobacco use. Tobacco use is as-
sociated with 16 cancers. In Slovenia, lung cancer contributes to 20% of all can-
cer deaths and is the leading cause of cancer related deaths in men and women.
Around 13% of all cancers are caused by infections, less in developed regions.
These cancers typically develop in working age, 90 % are caused by Helicobac-
ter pylori (around 75% of gastric cancer), human papillomaviruses (HPV, almost
all cervical cancers and partially some other cancers) and hepatitis B and C vi-
ruses (around 50–80% of hepatocellular cancer). Cervical cancer has a spe-
cial position among cancers. The WHO launched a global call in 2018 for the
elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem through a combina-
tion of HPV vaccination and population-based organised screening. In Slove-
nia, all three recommended population-based organised cancer screening pro-
grammes are implemented and cervical cancer is not common any more due
to a success of the screening programme ZORA.
Cancer prevention conclusions: By following 12 simple recommendation of the
European Code Against Cancer around 50% of all cancers can be prevented. It
is important to empower individuals in the working age to quit smoking, avoid
second-hand smoke, participate in the organised screening programs, support
the vaccination of children against HPV in hepatitis B virus and also, to follow
other recommendations, including healthy lifestyle.
Key words: cancer, prevention, working age population, European Code
Against Cancer
61
less cancer in working age population
Urška Ivanuš
Institute of Oncology, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
The association of Slovenian cancer societies, Trubarjeva 76 a, 1000 Ljubljana,
Slovenia
Introduction: Cancer is the leading cause of premature death in Slovenia, con-
tributing to 44% of all deaths before the age of 65. Due to a highly effective pri-
mary and secondary prevention the International Agency for Research on Can-
cer at WHO launched European Code Against Cancer, with an advice how to
prevent cancers at individual level. More than half of new cancers develop due
to aging, however 70-90% of the remaining cancers develop due to risk factors
that can be controlled by individuals themselves.
Cancer risk factors: Most important preventable cancers in working age are to-
bacco-attributed cancers. Smokers lose on average 10-15 life-years. In Slove-
nia, about a quarter of adult population smokes, two thirds want to quit and
more than 3,000 people die each year due to tobacco use. Tobacco use is as-
sociated with 16 cancers. In Slovenia, lung cancer contributes to 20% of all can-
cer deaths and is the leading cause of cancer related deaths in men and women.
Around 13% of all cancers are caused by infections, less in developed regions.
These cancers typically develop in working age, 90 % are caused by Helicobac-
ter pylori (around 75% of gastric cancer), human papillomaviruses (HPV, almost
all cervical cancers and partially some other cancers) and hepatitis B and C vi-
ruses (around 50–80% of hepatocellular cancer). Cervical cancer has a spe-
cial position among cancers. The WHO launched a global call in 2018 for the
elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem through a combina-
tion of HPV vaccination and population-based organised screening. In Slove-
nia, all three recommended population-based organised cancer screening pro-
grammes are implemented and cervical cancer is not common any more due
to a success of the screening programme ZORA.
Cancer prevention conclusions: By following 12 simple recommendation of the
European Code Against Cancer around 50% of all cancers can be prevented. It
is important to empower individuals in the working age to quit smoking, avoid
second-hand smoke, participate in the organised screening programs, support
the vaccination of children against HPV in hepatitis B virus and also, to follow
other recommendations, including healthy lifestyle.
Key words: cancer, prevention, working age population, European Code
Against Cancer
61
