Page 35 - Kutnar, Andreja, et al., eds., 2015. Proceedings of the 1st COST Action FP1307 International Conference - Life Cycle Assessment, EPDs, and modified wood. University of Primorska Press, Koper.
P. 35
nter-‐current
water
extracted
without
any
chemicals
or
with
a
limited
amount
of
NaHSO3
or
Na2SO3
(at
0.5
%
to
1
%)
at
a
temperature
of
70
°C
to
90
°C.
Unfortunately,
these
parameters
cannot
be
elaborated
because
there
is
no
data
available
for
the
production
of
Na
bisulphite
or
Na
bicarbonate
in
the
LCI
data
used.
Other
input
data
were
sourced
from
the
ecoinvent
3.01
database.
The
ReCiPe
midpoint
method
was
used
to
assess
the
environmental
footprint
and
the
CED
method
was
used
to
summarise
the
energy-‐related
environmental
impacts
in
the
life
cycle.
The
environmental
factors
assigned
to
the
tannin
extraction
significantly
impacted
the
impacts
of
the
tannin-‐boron
products
(Fig.1).
Overall,
the
results
demonstrated
that
tannin-‐boron
preservatives
can
be
regarded
as
a
low-‐environmental
impact
solution.
However,
the
influential
parameters
of
tannin
processing
at
an
industrial
scale
should
now
be
further
investigated
seeing
as
a
variety
of
different
studies
and
opinions
currently
exist
on
this
topic.
Additionally,
an
economic
analysis
of
developing
of
a
commercially-‐viable
tannin-‐boron
preservative
is
needed.
Figure
1:
Dendrogram
from
SimaPro
exposing
the
main
contributions
of
TB
process
to
global
warming
potential.
References
Obanda
D.N.,
Shupe
T.F.,
Barnes
H.M.
2008.
Reducing
leaching
of
boron-‐based
wood
preservatives–A
review
of
research.
Bioresource
technology,
99,15:
7312-‐7322
2008/58/EC
2008.
Amendment
of
67/548/EEC
on
the
approximation
of
the
laws,
regulations
and
administrative
provisions
relating
to
the
classification:
packaging
and
labelling
of
dangerous
substances.
European
directive
2008/58/EC,
31/12/2008
Thevenon
M.F.,
Tondi
G.,
Pizzi
A.
2009.
High
performance
tannin
resin-‐boron
wood
preservatives
for
outdoor
end-‐uses.
European
Journal
of
Wood
and
Wood
Products,
67,
1:
89-‐93
Tondi
G.,
Wieland
S.,
Wimmer
T.,
Thevenon
M.F.,
Pizzi
A.,
Petutschnigg
A.
2012.
Tannin-‐boron
preservatives
for
wood
buildings:
Mechanical
and
fire
properties.
European
Journal
of
Wood
and
Wood
Products,
70,
5:
689-‐696
Vieira
M.C.,
Lelis
R.C.C.,
da
Silva
B.C.,
de
Lima
Oliveira
G.
(2011)
Tannin
extraction
from
the
bark
of
Pinus
oocarpa
var.
oocarpa
with
sodium
carbonate
and
sodium
bisulfite.
Floresta
e
Ambiente,
18,1:
1-‐8.
Acknowledgements
The
authors
gratefully
acknowledge
the
COST
Action
FP
1303
committee
for
the
grant
accorded
to
Jinbo
Hu
allowing
him
to
do
a
STSM
relating
to
this
paper
at
Bangor
University
and
attend
the
1st
Conference
of
COST
Action
FP1407
“Life
Cycle
Assessment,
EPDs
and
modified
wood”.
23
water
extracted
without
any
chemicals
or
with
a
limited
amount
of
NaHSO3
or
Na2SO3
(at
0.5
%
to
1
%)
at
a
temperature
of
70
°C
to
90
°C.
Unfortunately,
these
parameters
cannot
be
elaborated
because
there
is
no
data
available
for
the
production
of
Na
bisulphite
or
Na
bicarbonate
in
the
LCI
data
used.
Other
input
data
were
sourced
from
the
ecoinvent
3.01
database.
The
ReCiPe
midpoint
method
was
used
to
assess
the
environmental
footprint
and
the
CED
method
was
used
to
summarise
the
energy-‐related
environmental
impacts
in
the
life
cycle.
The
environmental
factors
assigned
to
the
tannin
extraction
significantly
impacted
the
impacts
of
the
tannin-‐boron
products
(Fig.1).
Overall,
the
results
demonstrated
that
tannin-‐boron
preservatives
can
be
regarded
as
a
low-‐environmental
impact
solution.
However,
the
influential
parameters
of
tannin
processing
at
an
industrial
scale
should
now
be
further
investigated
seeing
as
a
variety
of
different
studies
and
opinions
currently
exist
on
this
topic.
Additionally,
an
economic
analysis
of
developing
of
a
commercially-‐viable
tannin-‐boron
preservative
is
needed.
Figure
1:
Dendrogram
from
SimaPro
exposing
the
main
contributions
of
TB
process
to
global
warming
potential.
References
Obanda
D.N.,
Shupe
T.F.,
Barnes
H.M.
2008.
Reducing
leaching
of
boron-‐based
wood
preservatives–A
review
of
research.
Bioresource
technology,
99,15:
7312-‐7322
2008/58/EC
2008.
Amendment
of
67/548/EEC
on
the
approximation
of
the
laws,
regulations
and
administrative
provisions
relating
to
the
classification:
packaging
and
labelling
of
dangerous
substances.
European
directive
2008/58/EC,
31/12/2008
Thevenon
M.F.,
Tondi
G.,
Pizzi
A.
2009.
High
performance
tannin
resin-‐boron
wood
preservatives
for
outdoor
end-‐uses.
European
Journal
of
Wood
and
Wood
Products,
67,
1:
89-‐93
Tondi
G.,
Wieland
S.,
Wimmer
T.,
Thevenon
M.F.,
Pizzi
A.,
Petutschnigg
A.
2012.
Tannin-‐boron
preservatives
for
wood
buildings:
Mechanical
and
fire
properties.
European
Journal
of
Wood
and
Wood
Products,
70,
5:
689-‐696
Vieira
M.C.,
Lelis
R.C.C.,
da
Silva
B.C.,
de
Lima
Oliveira
G.
(2011)
Tannin
extraction
from
the
bark
of
Pinus
oocarpa
var.
oocarpa
with
sodium
carbonate
and
sodium
bisulfite.
Floresta
e
Ambiente,
18,1:
1-‐8.
Acknowledgements
The
authors
gratefully
acknowledge
the
COST
Action
FP
1303
committee
for
the
grant
accorded
to
Jinbo
Hu
allowing
him
to
do
a
STSM
relating
to
this
paper
at
Bangor
University
and
attend
the
1st
Conference
of
COST
Action
FP1407
“Life
Cycle
Assessment,
EPDs
and
modified
wood”.
23
