Page 106 - Studia Universitatis Hereditati, vol 13(2) (2025)

sels were imported from the newly founded glass Povzetek
workshops of central Italy, but some pieces may Prihod Rimljanov v 2. stoletju pr. n. št. je za Osor
also have come from the workshops of the Eastern pomenil začetek nove dobe. Skupaj z drugimi ob-
Mediterranean. močji Kvarnerja je začel novo bogato obdobje svo-
The mould-made glasses are represented by a je sijajne preteklosti. Materialna kultura kaže, da
blue and white mosaic ribbed bowl, unfortunate- je imel pomembno vlogo pri romanizaciji severne-
ly destroyed and disfigured, as it was most proba- ga Jadrana. Osor (Apsorus) je dobil status munici-
bly placed on a pyre with a deceased. The group of pija in se razvil v rimsko mesto. Članek se osredo-
coloured fine wares (a plate and a bowl with car- toča na izbrane najdbe stekla iz Arheološke zbirke
inated walls made of deep green glass) was made Osor Lošinjskega muzeja. Natančen izvor najdb ni
by mould pressing and is characterised by angular znan; najverjetneje so bile odkrite v rimski nekro-
lathe-turned forms, strong colours and very high poli zahodno od Apsorja. Med izkopanim mate-
106 standards of craftsmanship. Some of the colours, rialom, razstavljenim v muzeju, posebej izstopajo
zgodnji izdelki rimskega steklarstva.
like emerald green, are the inventions of the new-
ly established Roman glass industry, and the angu- Zakaj se osredotočamo na steklo in kaj odra-
studia universitatis hereditati, letnik 13 (2025), številka 2 / volume 13 (2025), number 2
lar forms reveal the influence of the contemporary žajo te najdbe?
metalware of the Julio-Claudian era. V 1. in 2. stoletju pr. n. št. so Rimljani osvoji-
In the second half of the 1st century, de- li helenistične države Sredozemlja in jih vključili v
mand and taste for fine glassware dramatical- rimsko državo. To je omogočilo kulturne in druž-
ly changed. Intense colours were forgotten, and bene vplive ter izmenjave, intenziven razvoj in šte-
a group of elegant tableware made of colourless vilne inovacije v različnih rimskih obrteh, vključ-
glass appeared on the market, often decorated no s steklarstvom. Nobeno obdobje ne ponazarja
with cut faceted decoration. In the Osor Muse- izjemne raznolikosti tehnoloških praks tega zgod-
um collection, the new group of tableware is rep- njega obdobja bolje kot avgustejska doba in na-
resented with a shallow footed bowl with a wide, slednja desetletja. Steklene najdbe kažejo veliko
overhanging rim. raznolikost in razpon v obliki, barvi, okrasih ter
Mould-blowing was the last newly discovered proizvodnih tehnikah.
glassmaking technique. Products blown in single Uvoz teh izdelkov v novonastala mesta ob Ja-
and multi-part moulds are represented among the dranu odraža gospodarsko moč prebivalstva. Pri-
Roman glass material from the 1st to the 5th cen- sotnost steklenih izdelkov, ki so bili izdelani z upo-
turies. However, it is the 1st century in which the rabo različnih steklarskih tehnik izdelave, kot
greatest range of forms and variety of these vessels priča stekleni material iz Osorja, kaže, da je imelo
can be identified. A finely ribbed shallow bowl, a naselje razvejano trgovsko mrežo. Večina zgodnjih
truncated conical beaker with almond decoration steklenih posod je bila uvožena iz novoustanovlje-
and a fragment of a cup with vegetal decoration nih steklarskih delavnic v osrednji Italiji, vendar so
represent this group of glass. nekateri kosi morda prišli tudi iz delavnic vzhod-
The discovery of free-blowing in the 1st cen- nega Sredozemlja.
tury BC caused gradual changes in glassmaking, V kalupih narejeno posodje zastopa modro-
and society was faced with a rapid spread of cheap- -bela rebrasta skodelica iz mozaičnega stekla, žal
er free-blown products. In the course of the 1st cen- močno poškodovana v ognju, saj je bila najverje-
tury AD, glass became, more or less, a commodity tneje položena na pogrebno grmado skupaj s po-
for all. The Zarte Rippenschalen were one of the kojnikom. Fino namizno posodje iz obarvanega
earliest free-blown products known in all the prov- enobarvnega stekla intenzivnih barv (krožnik in
inces of the Empire. skodelica) je bilo izdelano z oblikovanjem v kalu-
The rich and varied glass material, imported pih, njegova značilnost pa so ostre linije, dodela-
from Italic and Mediterranean workshops, shows ne na stružnici, intenzivne barve in visoka kako-
that Osor played an important role in the process vost izdelave ter obrtnega znanja. Nekatere barve,
of Romanisation of the northern Adriatic. kot npr. smaragdno zelena, so izum novoosnovane