Page 131 - Glasbenopedagoški zbornik Akademije za glasbo, letnik 20, zvezek 40 ◆ The Journal of Music Education of the Academy of Music in Ljubljana, volume 20, issue 40

predominantly involving adult participants. This differentiation allows for
a comprehensive examination of the distinct wellbeing outcomes associated
with choral singing within these groups.
Collating, Summarizing and Reporting the Results

The study selection process involved an initial search across databases/online
platforms and found 1,377 studies. After systematic screening and elimination
of irrelevant studies, 773 articles were refined. Subsequent detailed reviews and
exclusion based on incompatible research contexts and criteria led to a final se-
lection of 12 studies for the systematic review.

RESULTS

Publication Characteristics

The initial search process generated 1,377 papers (using key words) from differ- Jovana Milošević ◆ CHORAL SINGING AS A MEANS OF INCREASING WELLBEING IN YOUTH AND ADULTS: PRISMA REVIEW
ent online sources: (i) databases (n = 79), including Elsevier, ERIC and MED-
LINE; (ii) other online sources (n = 1298), including ResearchGate, Academ-
ia.edu, SageJournals, Frontiers and PubMed. Through screening involving title
and abstract assessment, elimination of duplicates and exclusion of non-Eng-
lish publications, the list was refined to 773 articles. Subsequent review of these
773 articles led to the exclusion of 709 due to the incompatible context of the
research (i.e. COVID-19, virtual singing), no access to full text, studies that
focus only on older adults or young children as participants and missing the
choir group in the research.
Analysis of the full text was conducted on the remaining 64 studies that,
so far, met all methodological criteria. After the review of the full text of the
studies, 52 were excluded due to clinical context (e.g. interventions, unhealthy
individuals, choir singing activity as a treatment for various health issues). The
remaining 12 studies were subjected to rigorous examination and their detailed
characteristics, methodologies and findings are systematically outlined (Fig-
ure 1). All reviewed studies include 3 methodological approaches: mixed-meth-
od (n = 5), qualitative (n = 1) and quantitative (n = 6).

Participants’ Characteristics

In the 12 studies examined, the number of participants varied from 9 to 1,124.
Out of the total 12 studies, 5 employed mixed methods (with participants rang-
ing from 84 to 1,124), 1 qualitative (with 39 participants) and 6 quantitative ap-
proaches (ranging from 9 to 375 participants).
The age of participants ranged from 12 to 95 years old. For three studies,
exact age data were not available, although the participants were predominant-

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