Page 309 - Weiss, Jernej, ur./ed. 2025. Glasbena interpretacija: med umetniškim in znanstvenim┊Music Interpretation: Between the Artistic and the Scientific. Koper/Ljubljana: Založba Univerze na Primorskem in Festival Ljubljana. Studia musicologica Labacensia, 8

summaries
die er dann allgemein sichtbar vorstelle. Die gesamte Konzertsituation mit
ihren Ritualen sei auf den Dirigenten ausgerichtet, er sei für die Menge im
Saal der Führer. Über seine kleine Armee von Berufsspielern übe er eine
absolute Befehlsgewalt aus, er allein besitze die Partitur und sei damit all-
gegenwärtig. Der Dirigent stelle das ganze Werk in seiner Gleichzeitigkeit
und seiner Aufeinanderfolge vor, die
Welt bestehe während der Aufführung aus nichts anderem, und genauso
lange sei der Dirigent der Herrscher der Welt.
Schlüsselwörter: Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, Felix Weingartner,
Beethoven-Bild, Dirigentenbeschimpfung, Führungsforschung

Wolfgang Marx
AI and Musical Interpretation
Generative AI is used to create music more and more. This chapter explores
how this phenomenon affects aspects of musical interpretation. The way in
which AI generates texts, pictures, music and other media indicates that –
compared to human creators – it is likely to reduce the range of interpreta-
tive variants in its output. This argument is developed in three steps: firstly,
a number of examples of AI-generated songs are presented in order to out-
line what AI can do at the moment. Secondly, the way in which large lan-
guage models (LLMs) – the underlying systems of many AI generators –
work is discussed, showing that LLMs have a tendency to standardise their
results, while also removing any quirk or idiosyncrasy that human crea-
tors would (unconsciously) include. AI outputs are “depersonalised”, as it
were. Thirdly, the concept of “model collapse” is introduced. It leads to fur-
ther homogenisation as AI systems will inevitably include more and more
data in their processes that are already AI-created, setting in motion a spi-
ral of self-referentiality that is likely to lead to a collapse of the systems in
the long run. While this may not be inevitable it poses enough of a risk to
give us food for thought and spend more time assessing the danger posed
to interpretative variety by generative AI.
Keywords: AI-generated music, music and model collapse, deepfakes
of singers’ voices, AI and musical interpretation

Lidia Melnyk
Die etwas andere „Wiener Schule“: Eduard Steurmann und seine Lemberger Schüler
Die vorliegende Forschung setzt sich mit den wenig bekannten Schicksa-
len der Lemberger Pianisten Jakob Gimpel, Artur Hermelin und Leopold

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