Page 66 - Studia Universitatis Hereditati, vol 8(1) (2020)
P. 66
ern consist of groups of four deities (Goyon, shown instead of two; the four goddesses
1972, Pl. XIIIA.). are Isis, Nephthys, Nut and Tefnut (Cauvil-
le 1997, 292, 9–12, Pl. 154.). In the chapels of
1. 2. Osiris in the temple of Dendara the number
3. 4. , 5. of these goddesses increased to eight (Cau-
ville 1997, 213, 5, Pl. 102.). Those gods repre-
A short notice about every group of those sented as a woman (or four women) leaning
gods: forward, with hands raised to falling lock of
hair (Allen, 162, a 3, 168, a 3.). Their job as
(I) FAw-Hryw. sn “those who bear their mentioned here is to lift up the Ba (or the
masters” consist of four persons, each bear- body) of the deceased to heaven to accom-
ing another person on his shoulder6. They pany the solar god (Leitz 2002d, V, 9–10.),
are sometimes represented as one person as well as “they give bread to Osiris (N)”
carrying a child on his shoulder and with (Allen 1974, 164.) and they “put Osiris (N)
the number four written beside him (Allen with the followers of Re, the gods, lords of
1974, 162, Nr. 172, a, S 1.). The role of these the west”.
66 gods is described in the Book of the dead
“the bearers of their masters to the sky at the (IV) fdwt Xryw-Awt “the possessors of food
hereditatiprow of the bark of Re” (Budge 1898, 423.), soofferings” (Murray 1904, 4.) or “the bear-
the deceased wishes that they bear him to ers of the offerings”7 in the Osirion of Aby-
the sky to accompany the god Re at his ris- dos this title describes a group of three per-
ing and his setting “may they let Osiris (= sons carrying the offerings (Murray 1904,
the Dead) see Re at his rising” (Allen 1974, Pl. V.), they are represented as two gods
162, 168, S 1.). and two goddesses raising their hands hold-
ing the bread and beside them was writ-
(II) FAw-Xryw. sn “the bearers who bear ten the number four8, it is mentioned that
those who are under them” they are repre- “the four bearers of offerings give
sented at the Osireion of Abydos as a group the offerings to the gods” (Cauville 1997, 292,
of four persons, everyone bearing on his 14.), as well as they let Osiris (= the Dead)
shoulder a woman, the text describe them be like in the Netherworld.9
as (Murray 1904, Pl. V.) “those
who bear their mistresses” (literally the bear- (V) Nnyw the fatigued (Hassan 1944,
ers of those who are under them). The job 314.), in the coffin texts (Faulkner 1962,
of the FAw-Xryw. sn and FAw-Hryw. sn are 134.) they are used as epithet for some gods
to hide the body of the deceased in the ne- such as Osiris, Ptah and the sun god (Leitz
cropolis (Leitz 2002b, III, 190.) as stated in 2002c, IV, 249.). In the coffin texts the word
the present text t x n saH. s . In the Book of is written in different forms such as
the dead they play the same role as the FAw- (De Buck 1956, VI, 37n.), (De
Hryw. sn (Allen 1974, 168.). Buck 1961, VII, 150b.) and (De
Buck 1956, VI, 261e.), the last determinative
(III) fdwt nn HAytwt “those four of the word is that the one survived as the
mourners” the Greco-Roman word HAyty Greco-Roman Period, in addition to that of
refers to Isis and Nephthys, who mourn for the mummy , hence the word Nnyw
their brother Osiris (Wilson 1997, 611.). The
word is usually determined by the two sis- 7 See Goyon 1972, 75; Barguet 1976, 243.
ters as mourners (Goyon 1972a, 75; Barguet
1976, 243.). Sometimes four goddesses are 8 Leitz 2002c, IV, 41; Murray 1904, Pl. V. On the sarcophagus of
they appeared with another group of deities called see
6 The same group also appeared on the sarcophagi of the Late Period Maspero 1914, 54.
such as the sarcophagus of , see Maspero 1914, CG 29301, 43;
Murray 1904, 3. 9 For more see Allen 1974,164.
1972, Pl. XIIIA.). are Isis, Nephthys, Nut and Tefnut (Cauvil-
le 1997, 292, 9–12, Pl. 154.). In the chapels of
1. 2. Osiris in the temple of Dendara the number
3. 4. , 5. of these goddesses increased to eight (Cau-
ville 1997, 213, 5, Pl. 102.). Those gods repre-
A short notice about every group of those sented as a woman (or four women) leaning
gods: forward, with hands raised to falling lock of
hair (Allen, 162, a 3, 168, a 3.). Their job as
(I) FAw-Hryw. sn “those who bear their mentioned here is to lift up the Ba (or the
masters” consist of four persons, each bear- body) of the deceased to heaven to accom-
ing another person on his shoulder6. They pany the solar god (Leitz 2002d, V, 9–10.),
are sometimes represented as one person as well as “they give bread to Osiris (N)”
carrying a child on his shoulder and with (Allen 1974, 164.) and they “put Osiris (N)
the number four written beside him (Allen with the followers of Re, the gods, lords of
1974, 162, Nr. 172, a, S 1.). The role of these the west”.
66 gods is described in the Book of the dead
“the bearers of their masters to the sky at the (IV) fdwt Xryw-Awt “the possessors of food
hereditatiprow of the bark of Re” (Budge 1898, 423.), soofferings” (Murray 1904, 4.) or “the bear-
the deceased wishes that they bear him to ers of the offerings”7 in the Osirion of Aby-
the sky to accompany the god Re at his ris- dos this title describes a group of three per-
ing and his setting “may they let Osiris (= sons carrying the offerings (Murray 1904,
the Dead) see Re at his rising” (Allen 1974, Pl. V.), they are represented as two gods
162, 168, S 1.). and two goddesses raising their hands hold-
ing the bread and beside them was writ-
(II) FAw-Xryw. sn “the bearers who bear ten the number four8, it is mentioned that
those who are under them” they are repre- “the four bearers of offerings give
sented at the Osireion of Abydos as a group the offerings to the gods” (Cauville 1997, 292,
of four persons, everyone bearing on his 14.), as well as they let Osiris (= the Dead)
shoulder a woman, the text describe them be like in the Netherworld.9
as (Murray 1904, Pl. V.) “those
who bear their mistresses” (literally the bear- (V) Nnyw the fatigued (Hassan 1944,
ers of those who are under them). The job 314.), in the coffin texts (Faulkner 1962,
of the FAw-Xryw. sn and FAw-Hryw. sn are 134.) they are used as epithet for some gods
to hide the body of the deceased in the ne- such as Osiris, Ptah and the sun god (Leitz
cropolis (Leitz 2002b, III, 190.) as stated in 2002c, IV, 249.). In the coffin texts the word
the present text t x n saH. s . In the Book of is written in different forms such as
the dead they play the same role as the FAw- (De Buck 1956, VI, 37n.), (De
Hryw. sn (Allen 1974, 168.). Buck 1961, VII, 150b.) and (De
Buck 1956, VI, 261e.), the last determinative
(III) fdwt nn HAytwt “those four of the word is that the one survived as the
mourners” the Greco-Roman word HAyty Greco-Roman Period, in addition to that of
refers to Isis and Nephthys, who mourn for the mummy , hence the word Nnyw
their brother Osiris (Wilson 1997, 611.). The
word is usually determined by the two sis- 7 See Goyon 1972, 75; Barguet 1976, 243.
ters as mourners (Goyon 1972a, 75; Barguet
1976, 243.). Sometimes four goddesses are 8 Leitz 2002c, IV, 41; Murray 1904, Pl. V. On the sarcophagus of
they appeared with another group of deities called see
6 The same group also appeared on the sarcophagi of the Late Period Maspero 1914, 54.
such as the sarcophagus of , see Maspero 1914, CG 29301, 43;
Murray 1904, 3. 9 For more see Allen 1974,164.
