Page 160 - Studia Universitatis Hereditati, vol 13(1) (2025)

pobožnjakarstva. Zakon Božji je bil zanj ge- Czech historiography from the 19 century
th
slo za boj, zakonu Božjemu se je samozva- to Petr Čornej’s monograph swings between two
nec udinjal kot maščevalec; za zakon Božji extremes, just as the literary and cinematic nar-
je plenil in brez milosti moril vse, ki niso ži- rative exposes nothing obvious about who mur-
veli po njem. [...] Strpnost in spravljivost sta dered the Japanese warrior, further complicated
mu bili neznani čednosti; vsakršno pretvar- by the mental imprint of the communist totali-
janje, mlačnost, omahovanje in neodločnost tarian experiment post-1948.
so se mu zdeli odvratni v očeh Gospoda. Na
Češkem ni hotel imeti drugih kot odkri- Palacký
tosrčne, odločne in trdne ljudi, pa četudi jih František Palacký, the father of Czech historio-
je malo ... graphy in the time of ‘burghers and revolution’,
described Žížka in his Dějiny Národu Českého as
160 Palacký je Žižko upodobil najprej kot juna- follows (Palacký 1986, 361–362):
škega voditelja, v katerega so bile uprte oči celot- We showed Žižka as a zealot for faith. The
nega naroda, v zadnjem letu pred smrtjo (1424) word then had a wider connotation than
studia universitatis hereditati, letnik 13 (2025), številka 1 / volume 13 (2025), number 1
pa kot strašljivega vojskovodjo, ki ni prenehal now; it referred not mostly to actions but
tepsti svojih sodeželanov in je pri tem vsak na- to the thinking and conviction in all that
daljnji podvig ostarelega condottierea po okrut- was recorded in God’s law. As is usual, in-
nosti presegal prejšnje. Žižkovo smrt je Palacký dividuals think only their own faith is true
štel za zgodovinsko pozitiven dogodek. Ob tem and salvific; in this respect, Žižka was no
je zapisal (1986, 361): different from his peers. He thought no
one could be noble without salvific faith.
Takšen je bil nepričakovani konec bojevni- He preferred steadfast deeds cherished by
ka, ki se je rodil še pod cesarjem Karlom IV. God over simple outward shows of reli-
in je bil skoraj do svoje starosti praktično ne- gious feeling; he wanted faith, not sancti-
znan, šele zadnjih pet let življenja pa je celot- moniousness. God’s law was his battle cry;
ne narode in stoletja napolnil z grozo, ki jo as a self-proclaimed avenger, he served it,
je vlivalo njegovo ime. Versko gibanje, kate- plundering and mercilessly killing everyone
rega duh se je utelesil zlasti v osebi Husovi, je who did not live by it. [...] Virtues he had
prav skozi Žižko dobilo svojo moč v materi- never known were tolerance and reconcil-
alnem svetu, in to tako, da je moglo za dalj- iation; for the Lord, hypocrisy, lukewarm-
ši čas zatresti celotno Evropo: in tako, kot ness, doubt, and indecision were loath-
se mora Žižka husitstvu zahvaliti, da je za- some. Even if they were few, he desired only
slovelo njegovo sicer vseskozi skromno ime, honest, strong, and steady individuals in
tako mora tudi husitstvo velik del svojega Bohemia.
nekdaj tako velikega vpliva na svetovno do-
gajanje in odmeva pripisati Žižkovi bojev- Palacký first depicted Žížka as a heroic lead-
niški genialnosti; brez slednje bi bilo z vojno er, the centre of the whole country’s attention; in
močjo zadušeno bržda že v prvem spopadu, his last year before death (1424) he painted him
češki husiti pa bi najverjetneje delili usodo as a terrible warlord who mercilessly assaulted
svojih valdežanskih verskih bratov. [...] Do his countrymen, each following exploit exceed-
danes ni niti enega imena iz češke zgodovi- ing the brutality of the last. Palacký (1986, 361)
ne, ki bi bilo v ustih ljudi, zlasti preprostih, considered Žižka’s death a historically favoura-
večkrat kot Žižka, četudi se ne kaže več kot ble occurrence, penning:
genialni vojščak, temveč kot besni demon, Such was the unanticipated conclusion
nepremagljiv s človeško roko. of a warrior born under Emperor Charles